Gambling is an activity involving wagering money or other valuables on an uncertain event with a chance of winning something else of value. It has traditionally included activities that require skill, but more recently it has also included a range of other events where the outcome is dependent on luck and chance. It is estimated that gambling has a global turnover of more than $10 trillion a year, of which about half is legal and the rest is illegal.
Problematic gambling occurs when gambling no longer serves a recreational purpose but becomes a source of thrills and profit. As a result it can lead to financial ruin, family distress, depression, addiction and even suicide. It is also associated with an increased risk of a range of medical problems, including heart disease and stroke.
The psychological impact of gambling is often complicated and the causes may be related to a combination of factors, including personality, genetics, environment and other health conditions. Biologically, some people are predisposed to thrill-seeking behaviour and impulsivity due to the way their brain reward system is wired. This can be aggravated by a number of environmental and psychological factors, such as stressful life events or a history of trauma. It can also be exacerbated by the fact that gambling stimulates the release of dopamine, which is linked to feelings of pleasure and reward.
Often, the first step in treating gambling disorder is to strengthen one’s support network. This could mean focusing on friends and family who do not gamble, or seeking out new social activities that are not based on betting. In addition, it can be helpful to join a peer support group such as Gamblers Anonymous, which follows a 12-step recovery program modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous.
Another good step is to set boundaries in managing money; take control of family finances; review bank and credit card statements; and speak to a professional about local referral resources, such as certified gambling counselors or intensive treatment programs in your area. Lastly, it is important to recognize that relapse is common and not to be discouraged by it. Instead, relapse should serve as an opportunity to learn from your mistakes and get back on track.
